A) Insulin
B) Prednisolone
C) Ketoconazole
D) High dose multivitamin
Ans: C
Ketoconazole inhibits steroidogenesis and is used for medical treatment of cushing’s syndrome.
2. Corticosteroid hormones are responsible for all of the following functions, EXCEPT:
A) Mobilization of glucose from liver
B) Control of total body water
C) Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation
D) Increase in muscle mass
Ans: D
Corticosteroids have catabolic effect on protein metabolism hence they do not increase muscle mass unlike anabolic steroids.
3. Addison’s disease is associated with serum levels of:
A) Elevated potassium and low sodium
B) Elevated Sodium and low potassium
C) Elevated sodium and potassium
D) Decreased sodium and potassium
Ans: A
Addison’s disease is name given to primary adrenal insufficiency. There is deficiency of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid (aldestrerone) hormones. Potassium excretion from kidney is impaired, due to low aldosterone. Low serum sodium is due to low aldosterone and high corticotropin releasing hormone causing increase in ADH (anti diuretic hormone).
4. Adrenal cortex does not produce:
A) Glucocorticoid hormone
B) Adreno corticotropic hormone
C) Androgen
D) Aldosterone
Ans: B
5. Nelson syndrome is:
A) ACTH producing tumour in pituitary
B) Ectopic ACTH producing tumour
C) Unilateral adrenal hyperplasia
D) Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia
Ans: A
Nelson syndrome is rapid enlargement of pituitary gland tumour after removal of both adrenal glands that is performed in order to treat hyperadrenalism.
6. Hormone responsible for stimulating appetite is:
A) Ghrelin
B) Obestatin
C) Motilin
D) Leptin
Ans: A
Ghrelin is appetite stimulating peptide the levels of which increases before a meal and decreases after a meal. Leptin and obstetin suppress appetite. Motilin does not affect appetite.
7. Choose a statement that is not true about Gigantism.
A) In most cases it is because of pituitary tumour
B) It is diagnosed by measurement of fasting growth hormone level
C) It occurs only if high growth hormone is present before fusion of bone epiphysis
D) Growth hormone is inhibited by increase in blood glucose.
Ans: B
Growth hormone is secreted by pituitary in pulses hence single point measurement is not reliable.
8. Commonest hormonal disturbance of pituitary gland is, increased secretion of:
A) Prolactin
B) Growth hormone
C) Antidiuretic hormone
D) Thyroid secreting hormone
Ans: A
9. Choose an option that is not a cause of gynecomastia:
A) Cirrhosis of liver
B) Spirinolactone treatment
C) Tamoxifane treatment
D) Use of anabolic steroid
Ans: C
Gynecomastia is due to increase in ratio of estrogen and teastoaterone in male subjects. Estrogen breakdown is impaired in cirrhosis if liver. Spironolactone treatment is often used in patients of cirrhosis of liver. Spironolactone inhibits production of androgens and is a potent androgen antagonist. Excess testosterone in anabolic streroids gets converted to estrogen causing gynecomastia. Tamoxifane blocks effect of estrogen on breast tissue, hence it is used in treatment of gynecomastia.
10. Causes of virilisation of a female foetus are all EXCEPT:
A) 21 hydroxylase deficiency
B) 17 hydroxylase deficiency
C) 11 bera hydroxylase deficiency
D) 3 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency
Ans: B
17 hydroxylase deficiency causes defect in steroid hormone synthesis in foetus leading to deficiency of glucocorticoid and sex steroids and increased production of mineralocorticoids. It manifests as inadequate virilisation of male foetus, causing ambiguous genitalia. It causes partial or no secondary sexual development in affected female. Hypertension and hypokalemia result due to high mineralocorticoid activity later in life. (To remember, only nos. 1,2,3 cause virilisation as in11, 21 and 3)
No comments:
Post a Comment